NPG is Pleased to Announce the Winners of Our 2019 Essay Scholarship Contest

NPG
June 30, 2019
Scholarship
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NPG is pleased to offer challenging contests as part of our mission to enlist a new generation of activists, who will be focused on calling attention to the dangers of population growth. We send our thanks to all of our members and friends who have so generously contributed – as well as our appreciation for the tens of thousands of students who have competed in our contests. It is your support and participation that make this critical program possible!

2019 Topic:

Write a letter to the 100 + new members of the 116^th Congress explaining why US population size and growth are serious problems for our nation. What do you expect them to do to help the situation?

Award	Winner Name	School
$2,500	Sara Pross	Clemson University Clemson, SC
$2,000	Jenna Leihgeber	Texas A&M University College Station, TX
$2,000	Nicolas Zampaglione	Keiser University West Palm Beach, FL
$1,500	Anna Heilman	University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI
$1,500	Drew Pedersen	University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI
$1,500	Zoe Wright	Clark University Worcester, MA
$1,000	Felix Herbst	Arizona State University Tempe, AZ
$750	Linnea Bakos	Kennesaw State University Kennesaw, GA
$750	Amy Simko	North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC
$750	Jasser Syed	George Mason University Fairfax, VA
$750	Yue Taira	University of Texas Austin, TX
$500	Ezra Ahmad	University of North Carolina at Asheville Asheville, NC
$500	Yasin Ali-Halane	University of Washington Seattle, WA
$500	Brennan George	Georgetown University Washington, DC
$500	Anthony Hayes	Montgomery County Community College Blue Bell, PA
$500	Abigail Knol	Lehigh Carbon Community College Schnecksville, PA
$500	Kiah Rivera	Montclair State University Montclair, NJ

NPG

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Sara Pross
$2,500.
Clemson University, Clemson, SC

April 18, 2019

The Honorable Members of Congress
House (or Senate) Office Building
Washington, DC 20515

Dear Congressmen:

I am writing to you about a very important issue that affects every citizen of the United States. I am referring to the issue of over population in our country. According to the Population Reference Bureau, 14% of all humans that have ever lived are still alive today. Statistics show that at this trend, our planet is in grave danger of running out of resources to sustain such growth by the year 2050. Please allow me to share my concerns and potential solutions for your consideration.

The rapid growth and ultimate overpopulation of the United States poses many problems for the citizens of this great nation. Some of the major issues include:

water shortages;
extinction of wildlife;
climate change;
carbon emissions;
natural resource depletion.

Each of the afore-listed issues is a direct result of overpopulation. With the influx of immigration population, the need for water sources has tripled. According to the National Environmental Education Foundation, water managers in 40 states expect water shortages in the next decade. They add that this issue will be amplified by climate change as warming climates lead to faster rates of evaporation and less freshwater. The additional population growth also affects the amount of carbon emissions released into our atmosphere. A CIS study recently reported that U.S. immigrants produced 637 million tons of CO2 annually. In addition to immigration population, American births continue to add to our overall numbers. Despite efforts to effectively utilize renewable energies, studies have shown that if a couple has two children, their carbon legacy could be forty times higher than any savings they could make. Such emissions have a direct correlation to global warming. Attempts to sustain population explosions have proven disastrous to our endangered wildlife. The Center for Biological Diversity stated that over 1,300 endangered species in the U.S. may be driven to extinction as a result of overpopulation and urban sprawl.

I do not write this letter in an effort to lodge a complaint, but rather to propose a solution. I believe that there is a solution to our overpopulation problem and with Congress’s assistance in passing pertinent legislation, we can create a sustainable country for generations to come. Please allow me to identify some of my suggestions:

implementation of effective immigration policies;
requirements for better sex education in schools;
access to contraceptives;
renewed focus on climate change and renewable energy use.

While it may seem unfair to say that immigrants are responsible for our country’s overpopulation and ultimately the global warming issue, it is still a factor that cannot be over-looked. The 637 million tons of CO2 that these immigrants are emitting is approximately 482 million tons more than they would have produced in their home countries. As such, a continued focus on the development and implementation of just and fair immigration policy should be a primary objective. Additionally, I believe that we can do a far better job educating our own population as to the consequences of their actions. This starts in our schools. We need to devise and implement better sex education programs in our schools. This education needs to address the access to contraceptives. Family planning and contraceptive education has proven to have a direct effect on our country’s population. In 1972, the Supreme Court legalized birth control. According to the U.S. Census, the population growth rate was markedly reduced after this ruling. While immigration and birth control are sensitive but necessary topics for legislation, the issue of renewable energy is a less sensitive and more palatable matter. With the growing population, we need to diligently and persistently pursue methods to preserve our natural resources. Global warming is a very real concern. We can not ignore it if we wish to provide fresh water, food and resources for our citizens.

Overpopulation of the United States of America is a serious issue. To over-use our land and over-extend our welcome is to deplete our country of its resources, wealth, and well-fare. If we do not take action, we will not have a country left for our future generations. I want to raise my family in the greatest nation on Earth. Please join me in helping to preserve the United States of America.

I thank you for your time and consideration.

Sincerely,

Sara J. Pross

Jenna Leihgeber
$2,000
Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

April 8, 2019

Dear Congressman,

As a concerned youth and informed citizen, I write to share my disposition in regards to our nation’s population growth. Politicians and the media have neglected the severity of this issue for decades. Previously, they have taken action to accommodate the growth of our nation rather than establishing permanent solutions to halt the increase. I would like to refute previous statements made about the population trends, present the underlying consequences of our negligence, and provide methods to ensure our stability as a nation for future generations. It is our responsibility as proactive citizens to understand the potential severity of our population growth and take action to limit its effects.

Throughout my studies of this subject matter, I have found that the primary claims that refute population growth involve current trends in population. Many articles claim that the recent decline in birth rates and the wane of the baby boomer generation will be enough to stabilize the population. These claims, although feasible, do not capture the true time frame of population growth. The exponential track of population growth has been a part of American demographics for decades. In less than 50 years, the current population is expected to surpass four hundred million. Our current population growth will continue to put pressures on the ability to preserve resources until they are completely depleted.

It is crucial to understand the patterns of human behavior and the supply and demand of resources. With more people, there is greater pollution, greater need for finite resources such as food and water, and greater excavations of the environment to make room for communities. The depletion of resources that once seemed infinite will be the cause of starvation and instability. With modern medicine, longer life expectancy, and the greater demand for resources, we need to evaluate the regulation of demographics and develop new plans to reduce our population before overpopulation compromises the future strength of our nation.

The first action to halt population growth starts with reforming the current immigration system. Many politicians turn a blind eye to the internal consequences of rapid immigration in order to reunite families, assist dreamers, and provide relief to refugees. In doing so, their actions cause imbalances in our economic system and encourage illegal immigration. As legislators, you have the opportunity to reform our unorganized immigration system and regulate the incoming rate of migrants. We must be willing to secure our borders and halt the influx of migrants to revamp the system instead of continuing to overload it. The immigration system needs an entire reboot. We need to reevaluate the amount of immigrants we allow into our country. We are not able to accomplish any good for these migrants if we are unable to even sustain ourselves first.

In addition to reforming the immigration system, we must develop incentives that encourage small families. Some of the ways to encourage a two parent, two child household could be through tax breaks or assistance with a set amount of college education funding. Couples would be able to take these factors into consideration before starting a family.

Lastly, we need to reform our education system. Too much emphasis is placed on creating environmentally safe methods of retrieving resources instead of teaching youth how to preserve resources. Many students are unaware of the consequences of not having enough resources because we live in an age of instant gratification. The convenience of going to a local market or online shopping prevents many from understanding that resources are not as plentiful as they seem. We need to place greater importance on recycling and reveal the consequences of unrestrained human action.

Each congressman was recently elected into office because he/she wanted to help improve our system of government and help shape the future of our nation. I look up to each political leader no matter the party because each elected person holds the ability to influence others. Do not allow this influence to be tainted and manipulated. Do not allow political affiliations and personal beliefs to prevent you from seeing the truth and importance of this matter. Break away from your peers and worry less about seeking re-election but rather ensuring a stronger future for every American. I believe the diversity of culture and interests of the 116th Congress will be significant and will bring much needed attention to this issue. I wish you the best of luck throughout this term.

Sincerely,

Jenna Leihgeber

Nicolas Zampaglione
$2,000
Kaiser University , West Palm Beach, FL

Dear Honorable Members of Congress,

Enough is enough. We have far surpassed the point of asking, “How many is too many?” Simply stated, there are way too many people in the country and it’s killing our planet. Unchecked population growth has led us to a not-so-pleasant place.

In my home state of Florida, rampant overdevelopment has caused the loss of habitat such as beautiful coastal areas—now forever gone. And nearly all species of sea turtles are now endangered. Our land, water and wildlife lie in jeopardy. Unbridled growth has placed unfair demands on our unique, natural resources.

Excessive farming, no clean water and climate change are current realities. Scores of evidence-based research studies have all arrived at the same unequivocal conclusion: Human activities are causing global warming that will result in irreversible damage to our environment. Critical environmental issues are negatively impacting the world in which we live. Add to that the fact that all environmental problems are only exacerbated by rapid growth in human population. The health of our planet is truly at risk with devastating consequences. Fact is, the earth does have finite resources but the population continues to grow exponentially. Sadly, government allows that but you are in a unique position to change that as new members of Congress. You can be game changers! Take the first step today.

We are a country of consumers and it’s hurting our planet in extremely destructive ways. We are consuming more resources than the earth can regenerate and the result is not pretty. Thankfully, there’s a solution and it’s called negative population growth. Yes, negative population growth.

I have barely scratched the surface in making the case for negative population growth. Negative Population Growth, Inc. (NPG) has been making the case since 1972. Negative population growth is needed to strike a balance between the strains of a growing population and the preservation of our natural assets for future generations to enjoy.

Here’s the good news. As newly elected members of Congress, you are in a position of positive power. You have the power to reverse our current population trends to a more sustainable level by enacting a National Population Policy. This would entail immigration reform. Immigrants (some of them illegal) contribute dramatically to the U.S. population growth—adding more than 1 million people each year. Go out on a limb and use your position to endorse smaller-sized families, and advocate for fertility education and women’s empowerment. It can be done and you have the power to make it happen.

We are at a point where negative population growth is not just desirable, it’s imperative. Put population control at the top of your political agenda and make it a priority. At this critical point in time, we cannot shy away from uncomfortable issues. Harsh times call for bold measures. When it comes to population, zero is a hero so please be a population “hero” before it’s too late. Sustainability is possible but it will require a reduction in population. The time is now.

Respectfully,

Nicolas A. Zampaglione

Anna Heilman
$1,500
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI

April 10, 2019

Dear Congressmen,

I am writing on behalf of the 300 million people currently living in the United States and this country’s future generations regarding the excessive population growth threatening our way of life. The United States is the third most populous country in the world, behind India and China, with a population that has quadrupled over the past century and is projected to double in the next hundred years. The United States lacks the resources and space to maintain such high growth. In order to live sustainably, we must work to reverse population rates. The negative effects of high population are already apparent in the U.S. as living standards are jeopardized, resources depleted, and ecosystems ravaged.

According to The Economist Magazine, low population growth is correlated closely with high quality of life. It is a myth that population growth is required for economic growth and wellbeing. Many European countries, Germany for example, have low population growth, but through well-planned economies can maintain a high GDP and living standards. Abundant population growth in the U.S. has jeopardized the quality of life in cities, leading to overcrowding and urban sprawl, which perpetuates inner-city poverty. Education has also taken a toll. According to the Digest of Educational Statistics, student enrollment has reached an all-time high of 50.4 million. Many schools, mostly in poor urban areas, have to accommodate more students than they were designed for with less funding, resulting in worse test scores and further disadvantaging impoverished students.

Additionally, due to population growth, resources in the U.S. have been depleted and the environment simultaneously ruined. For many years, the effects of exorbitant population growth have been offset by improvement in technology. Farming techniques have been developed, often at the expense of the environment, such as pesticides and GMOs that allow for more yield per acre. Cleaner fuels have been developed to replace the consumption of coal and gas. However, as the world’s population continues to exponentially grow, inevitably, a point will be reached when the world’s resources will not be enough to sustain us. In fact, the U.S. currently consumes renewable resources at twice the rate it takes to replace them.

Water supplies in the U.S. are quickly diminishing. According to Nature Conservancy, “an estimated 40% of rivers, 56% of lakes, and 50% of estuaries are too polluted for fishing and swimming.” Aquifers are being depleted at a rate that cannot be replenished. The Central Valley Aquifer has lost around 125 million acre-feet of water in the past century. Though the U.S. is increasing renewable fuel consumption, the level of natural gases consumed in the recent decade have reached the highest point in history and has resulted in unprecedented levels of pollution. According to The Royal Society, global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has increased by 40%, methane 150%, and nitrous oxide 20% since the pre-industrial era. Ecosystems are being ravaged by increased pollutant levels and habitat loss. The International Union for Conservation states an estimated 6,700 species in the United States are at risk of pollution.

Clearly, the world’s resources already cannot sustain its current population, much less handle its projected growth. In order to ensure prosperity and peace for future generations, we must reverse population rates. The United States has the responsibility to lead this effort; we must enact policies to curb the amount of immigration into the United States and encourage lower fertility rates. Immigrants and their U.S. born children represent the largest population growth in America – an estimated 75-85%. Though immigration has recently become a divisive, hot-button issue, for the sake of preserving the resources and prosperity of this country, political parties must unite over this issue and slow immigration. Illegal immigration should be completely stopped, and better border security implemented. For our nation to reach sustainable levels, legal immigration should also be significantly reduced. Lower fertility rates, which will additionally help reduce poverty, should also be encouraged. Women should have easy access to contraceptives and politicians should encourage smaller families. Since women who are in the work force have fewer children, programs designed to aid girls and women in joining the workforce should be encouraged.

The issue of overpopulation is the most pressing problem facing the world today – leading to loss of resources, destruction of habitats, and increased levels of greenhouse gasses related to climate change. I beseech you to heed the warning signs, unite against divisive party politics, and take action to reverse the effects of this epidemic.

Sincerely,

Anna Heilman

Drew Pedersen
$1,500
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI

April 17, 2019

Dear Congressman:

It is hard to imagine what the world or even the U.S. would be like if only the number of people the planet could indefinitely support lived on Earth. The U.S. is well past its carrying capacity, a term that can be defined as the maximum population size that an environment can sustain indefinitely. So, unless we change what we are doing, eventually, we will run out of resources. Unfortunately, at this rate, this is going to happen sooner rather than later. Something that should be alarming for this generation and the generations soon to come.

The average American uses 550,000 gallons of water annually, an amount that is much greater than the Earth can sustain. This consumption amount has caused a dramatic increase in water pollution. Now, over 40% of rivers, 46% of lakes, and 50% of estuaries are too polluted for fishing and swimming (“The United States Is Already Overpopulated”.) The amount of consumption is not only hurting the amount of water available but is also negatively affecting the fishing industry, which helps supply the food for our country.

Next, in the last 40 years, global energy usage has increased by over 40% (“The United States Is Already Overpopulated”.) The increase in energy usage has resulted in significantly more fuel spills and greenhouses gases, both of which are detrimental to the environment and costly to fix. Much of these impacts are due to the U.S. population increase of over 49% in the last 40 years (“US Population By Year”.) If we slow the population increase, these negative impacts will decrease.

To mitigate these effects, it is important that we acknowledge the problem in the first place. Many people, including lawmakers and politicians, fail to even recognize this massive problem. Many of them fail to acknowledge that many of these detrimental impacts are due to a population growth that should be falling instead of rising. One suggestion is to educate students about this issue in high schools. It is important to raise awareness about this issue and show students the real implications if population continues to rise. If we can make it required for schools to educate students about how the world is changing and what this will mean for future generations, we can draw attention to arguably one of the most important issues in the world.

Another suggestion would be to make changes to border security. Over 12 million illegal immigrants reside in the U.S. as of 2015 (“Population Estimates”.) This number will only continue to increase if something is not done about this issue. It is important to increase border security to decrease the number of illegal immigrants who enter the country. As of recently, immigration is responsible for most of the population growth. Along with stopping illegal immigration, it is important to have stricter immigration laws to reduce the number of immigrants into the country. These simple changes to immigration will dramatically decrease the population rate in the U.S. since it is the largest contributor to the U.S. population rate as of late.

It is also important to decrease the number of births, especially those which are not planned. In the U.S. in 2018, 40% of pregnancies were unplanned (Ahrens et al.). Imagine the effects on the population growth rate if the number of unplanned pregnancies was to drop dramatically? If we educate more people on the importance of birth control or can find better and more affordable ways to stop unplanned pregnancies, the population growth would see a significant decrease, making life better for everyone.

To conclude, the population is well over its carrying capacity, and it is only a matter of time until we run out of necessary resources such as food and water. The U.S., along with the rest of the world, is suffering through many problems resulting from overpopulation and it is our job to limit and hopefully eliminate these problems in the future. However, it is important that we educate the younger generation on the issue so more people can acknowledge the issue at hand. In addition, we need to strengthen immigration policies and help drop the number of births, specifically the number of unplanned pregnancies. If we can accomplish these goals, we will be one step of the way to ensure negative population growth and a better life for everyone.

Sincerely,

Drew Pedersen

Works Cited

Ahrens, Thoma, et al. “Unintended Pregnancy and Interpregnancy Interval by Maternal Age, National Survey of Family Growth.” Contraception, Elsevier, 1 Mar. 2018, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010782418300751.

“Population Estimates.” Homeland Security, 2015, www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/18_1214_PLCY_pops-est-report.pdf.

“The United States Is Already Overpopulated.” Federation for American Immigration Reform,fairus.org/issue/population-environment/united-states-already-overpopulated.

“US Population By Year.” 2019, www.multpl.com/united-states-population/table/by-year.

Zoe Wright
$1,500
Clark University, Worcester, MA

April 3, 2019

Dear Congressmen,

I am writing to bring to your attention to an imminent and growing issue facing our nation, and the world today: population size and growth. Between the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, we saw an increase of 1.5 to 6.1 billion people inhabiting our planet in just 100 years. This growth in total was over three times greater than any other increase in our previous history.^[1] Boasting a population of over 328 million people, the US census bureau estimates that our nation alone sees a net gain of one person every 17 seconds.^[2] While I understand that this growth is slowing, it still poses several issues.

I believe that climate change and other environmental threats are the most prominent and pressing issues stemming from this growth. Increased population greatly contributes to climate change for a number of reasons. As the population of our nation increases, we are experiencing staggering increases in energy and water consumption, as well as the elimination of natural habitats and farmlands in response to urban sprawl and housing development. This increased use of nonrenewable energy sources and fossil fuels contributes to increased gas emissions, including carbon dioxide, which contributes to the warming of earth’s atmosphere.^[3] According to the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, the US is the second highest emitter of Carbon Dioxide in the world, exposing us as a significant player in this issue.^[4] One simple way to combat this issue is through the restriction of population growth within our nation.

On a more social front, population growth is also affecting the daily functioning of American society as a whole. Increased numbers of people living within our nation further contribute to hospital and school overcrowding, unemployment, and the increased concentration of poverty. Experts have found statistical relationships between population size and crime rates,^[5] leading one to believe that as the population of the US continues to rise, crime will increase as well. School overcrowding exacerbates this issue, as increased class sizes create unsafe environments, making both teaching and learning more difficult. This contributes in turn to higher rates of school violence and truancy, and lower achievement.^[6] For these reasons, population growth within our nation poses several social as well as environmental issues.

I urge you all, as members of the 116th Congress, to take action in regards to this issue of population growth. Some steps that could contribute to the reversal of population growth include the establishment of voluntary incentives for smaller families, which would provide motivation for increased family planning efforts within the United States. The US population could also be controlled through reduced immigration levels into our nation.

I hope that the information provided above sheds light on the issue of US population growth, as well as the numerous detrimental consequences of this growth. The most direct way to reverse these issues is to address the problem of population growth head on. It is the responsibility of young people like myself to take proactive steps in shaping the quality of my future within the United States, and I am optimistic that by reaching out to my congressional representatives, my thoughts on this issue will be heard.

Regards,

Zoe Wright

Clark University Class of 2021

Charleston, South Carolina

Work Cited:

^[1] Roser, Max, and Esteban Ortiz-Ospina. “World Population Growth.” Our World in Data. May 09, 2013. Accessed March 28, 2019. https://ourworldindata.org/world-population-growth.

^[2] “U.S. and World Population Clock.” United States Census Bureau. Accessed April 03, 2019. https://www.census.gov/popclock/.

^[3] “Climate Change Causes: A Blanket around the Earth.” NASA Global Climate Change. February 05, 2019. Accessed April 03, 2019. https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/.

^[4] Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, 2014

^[5] Nolan, James J. “Establishing the Statistical Relationship between Population Size and UCR Crime Rate: Its Impact and Implications.” Journal of Criminal Justice 32, no. 6 (2004): 547-55. Accessed April 3, 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2004.08.002.

^[6] “Preventing Overcrowding & Other School Impacts of Development.” Community and Environmental Defense Services. Accessed April 03, 2019. http://ceds.org/school.html.

Felix Herbst
$1,000
Arizona Stat University, Tempe, AZ

April 10^th, 2019

Dear Congressman/Congresswoman:

First of all, let me congratulate you on your election to the 116^th Congress. It is a great honor to serve one’s state and country, and I am sure that you already have an agenda for what you want to achieve in your first year in office. Oftentimes however, short-term problems and localized issues can become overwhelming and hard to look past, obscuring larger universal trends that may not have straightforward solutions. If these universal issues are not acknowledged and addressed, they will only get worse, and their downstream effects will continue to negatively impact the people of the United States.

The universal issue I want to talk to you about is population growth. This is not a topic often brought up in U.S. political discourse, and there are understandable reasons why: a) people don’t consider this a political issue, and if they do then they associate it (erroneously) with “unamerican” principles such as China’s one-child policy, and b) most politicians have never gotten the chance to learn about the effects of population growth, and how it is impacting their own constituents every day. In this letter, I want to inform a better understanding of how current U.S. population size and growth levels are pressing problems, and what you as a member of Congress can do to be a protagonist at the forefront of one of the most pressing issues of our time.

There are nearly 330 million people living in the U.S. at the time of writing this letter, 100 million more people than 40 years ago[i]. This means that a child born today is competing with 100 million more people for space, food, water, jobs, and education. This may seem like an abstract concept, but a global view can demonstrate these principles in action. Due to rapid population growth around the world, more than one billion people go to bed hungry every night[ii]. If one looks at highly developed countries, the U.S. is third only to China and India in both population size and growth. It’s not a coincidence that economically successful and advanced nations typically have slow or negative growth; the most drastic growth occurs in underdeveloped countries, and it should be cause for concern that the U.S. echoes those trends[iii].

To meet its growing populations’ needs, the U.S. must get more and more efficient in terms of food production, water accessibility, and infrastructure projects. A larger population means less space, more expensive housing, greater demands for better transportation, compounding needs for health care… the list goes on and on. Although transportation is constantly being improved, housing is being made more efficient, and agricultural/food production technologies are constantly evolving, there are only so many resources to tap into, only so many scientific advancements to be made. Eventually, the U.S. will reach a breaking point where it simply cannot sustain the amount of people that inhabit it. So, what can be done about this, and how can a member of Congress such as yourself address population growth in a way that resonates with your constituents and colleagues?

Population growth should not be a partisan issue; every single person in the United States regardless of where they live or whom they vote for is feeling its effects every day. It must, however, be a political issue. If leaders in government do not address frankly the issue of population growth, it will continue unchecked and wreak havoc down the line. The single best thing you as a member of Congress can do is inform your constituents and colleagues about the issue, using your platform to make people aware. Stating that you wish to research and address an issue that affects people’s healthcare, food supply, housing prices, and job prospects is bound to speak to every listener in fundamental way.

Everyone has a different view on specific policy proposals to alleviate population growth. Whether you want to focus on ensuring that Americans have access to family planning services and information, make it easier to obtain safe contraceptives, or strive towards revamping a flawed immigration system—these are all different approaches that can help reduce population growth. In the end, regardless of which strategy you want to pursue, addressing this issue is one of the single most comprehensive and crucial things you can do in your time in office to help ensure a better life for your constituents, their children, and all future generations.

Sincerely,

Felix Herbst

[i] according to http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/us-population/

[ii] according to https://www.populationinstitute.org/resources/whypopulationmatters/

[iii] according to https://www.prb.org/whatdrivesuspopulationgrowthpdf540kb/

Linnea Bakos
$750
Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA

Dear Esteemed Congressmen,

As a young person in America it is concerning to me that our country continues to grow in population despite the fact that as a nation our resources are finite. At some point we will reach the tipping point where this country’s bountiful resources will be inadequate to meet the needs of those living here. The state of HI is an example of what happens when population exceeds resources. One hundred and twenty years ago, when the US took over HI, the islands were self-sustaining. Today, they produce only twenty percent of the food needed to feed the residents and visitors (http://www2.hawaii.edu/~kent/FOODSECURITYINHAWAII.pdf). We need to prevent this from happening in the other forty-nine states of our great country.

I was adopted from China as an infant, most probably due to the one child policy in that country. Because of that policy over 700,000 children from China were adopted to other countries (http://archive.pov.org/offandrunning/fact-sheet/) and thousands of children remain in the orphanages. This convinces me that restrictions to control population don’t work – families continue to have children, but are forced to abandon children to avoid punishment. This just places the burden of caring for these children onto the government.

If restrictions regarding the number of children per couple isn’t the answer, how can we limit population growth? I have a few suggestions. The first would be to restructure the Child Tax Credit. Instead of the full amount for every child in a family, it could be staggered with a decreased amount for the second child and nothing for additional children. Another idea would be cover birth control measures at full coverage, similar to preventative care such as mammography. I know of many children conceived despite standard birth control methods.

There will always be couples wanting a large family. Simultaneously, there are children in foster care throughout the US. Our states need to do a much better job of recruiting foster and adoptive families for these children by targeting families wanting more children. I feel that most people think that all adoption costs ten of thousands of dollars and that it is hard to qualify to be an adoptive family. Couples are unaware that adopting a foster child costs next to nothing (https://consideringadoption.com/adopting/adoption-costs/foster-care-adoption-costs). If we can match available children with those wanting larger families we can avoid adding to the overall population.

Part of limiting the population growth of the US will need to involve changed immigration policies. We have nearly four million children born each year in the US (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/births.htm) and each family has an average of 2.4 children (http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2015/05/07/family-size-among-mothers/). Even if we could bring that number down to 2.0, or zero population growth, the US population will continue to grow when we admit about 1.8 million people each year (https://cis.org/Report/18-Million-Immigrants-Likely-Arrived-2016-Matching-Highest-Level-US-History). This rate of immigration will impact all of those residing in the US for years to come, especially as those immigrants have children and add to our population.

The final component that seems to have a large impact on birth rates is education. Many studies find that with the higher the level of education that a woman receives, the fewer children she ultimately has. (https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/9/education-level-inversely-related-to-childbearing/). Improving educational opportunities for women is integral to limiting population growth. In Georgia, the HOPE scholarship allows good students to automatically get 80% of tuition covered by the state. If all states were to have a similar program, higher education would be attainable for all those who are qualified academically and desire to continue learning.

These are just a few steps that I see that could be taken to halt an increase in the US population. I hope I have also highlighted why this is important. Despite my limited life experience and education, I can see a problem and possible solutions. I am hopeful that the collective life experience and education of the over one hundred newest leaders of our country will bring a fresh look at this issue and result in an effort to find truly impactful and lasting solutions. Please consider making this a priority during your tenure in Congress.

Thank you,

Linnea Bakos

Amy Simko
$750
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC

April 17, 2019

Dear Congressman:

I am a high school senior heading off to North Carolina State University in the fall with a major in Environmental Science. My interests are in decreasing pollution, making energy more efficient, and saving our natural resources. Population growth and size are components that lead to increased pollution and depletion of resources. Our sustainability in the future is in jeopardy if we do not do something to control our growing population. I am writing to you to voice my concern about this situation.

The US Census Bureau predicts a 0.7 percent annual growth in the United States over the next decade. Although that does not seem like a large number, other developing countries are predicted to have much less growth. Japan is one of the countries having negative population growth. Decreasing the population or even going so far as to have negative population growth will help save our environment. There are two factors that precipitate an increase in population: births and immigration. There are two factors that create a decrease in population: emigration and death.

According to population reports by the US Census Bureau released in March 2018, (“Demographic Turning Points for the United States: Population Projections for 2020 to 2060”) “by 2030, net international migration is expected to become the primary driver of population growth in the United States.” This is due to an increased death rate with the aging population and a decreasing birth rate.

Overpopulation leads to increased depletion of valuable resources: fresh water, farm land, fossil fuels and forests. Pollution, carbon dioxide emissions and deforestation are all negative effects resulting from our growing population. There must be a change in our current immigration policies to address these issues. By changing these policies we can help protect our land.

There is a major focus on cleaning up our water from pollutants and oil spills, recycling/reducing/reusing our trash, and reducing our use of fossil fuels. We spend our time trying to reduce the negative impact overpopulation has on our environment. This is like treating the symptoms of an illness, but not addressing the cause. If we were to work towards a decrease in the United States population we would be helping to prevent environmental damage. By addressing both the cause and the effect of overpopulation we can promote a healthy environment. With the statistics from the US Census Bureau glaring us in the face, there is an obvious conclusion we can make. Decreasing our immigration rates will help decrease our population, which will in turn protect our environment and improve our sustainability.

There are those who will argue that we should be sympathetic to the people who are trying to come into the United States to make a better life for themselves. However, if our environment continues to be polluted, ravaged and damaged, that “better life” will be a thing of the past.

Increases in our population threaten our environment and natural resources. I hope that you will consider implementing stricter immigration laws. Thank you for your time.

Sincerely,

Amy Simko

Works Cited:

Vespa, Jonathan, David M. Armstrong, and Lauren Medina, “Demographic Turning Points for the United States: Population Projections for 2020 to 2060,” Current Population Reports, P25-1144, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, 2018.

Jasser Syed
$750
George Mason University, Fairfax, VA

April 18, 2019

Dear Congressman:

I am writing with regards to your efforts of maintaining a trajectory for prosperity in the United States. Despite the numerous advancements in technology and industry, it is imperative to be cognizant of the adversities we face due to a fundamental issue across the globe: overpopulation. There was a time when increasing population provided employment and drove economic and industrial progress, but now the threshold of our carrying capacity has been passed. Between 2000 and 2010, the U.S. Census Bureau shows a 10% increase in population, which is propagated from the 72% increase observed since 1950. Moreover, the population is projected to grow to 400 million—a 80 million increase—by 2050 which will continue to expand exponentially. As the U.S. has a limit to the amount of resources it can allocate to support its population, new policies must be adopted to encourage Americans to collaboratively address this issue.

Congress has an overwhelming number of issues that it works to solve daily. However, overpopulation may just be the direst of issues we face because of the contributions it has on overall sustainability of life. For instance, climate change is directly linked to overpopulation; higher amounts of resource consumption has led to deforestation, overgrazing, and agricultural runoffs that have contaminated our water ways and eroded soil. Although the U.S. currently compensates through importing resources, this is not a long-term solution as continued growth will render them as inadequate.

Furthermore, the argument to increasing population providing economic development is overshadowed by strain on infrastructure. Existing hospitals, offices, schools, police departments, transportation systems, and roads cannot support a growing population. As new infrastructure is built to accommodate growth, the cost of services increases to where communities are subject to tax burden and the people start suffering economically. Even with larger roads and cities, congestion, pollution and subsequent deterioration of people’s quality of life is inevitable.

Technological advancements have made numerous efforts to mitigate the aforementioned challenges, however, they are fighting an uphill battle. Initiatives such as hydraulic fracturing and corn ethanol have proved insufficient as crop devastation has made production of corn ethanol unsustainable while fracking damages the environment. Oil prices are increasing as supplies deplete faster with increased population and consumption, and electric cars are too new to market to adequately replace the current reliance on gasoline automobiles. Quite simply, the rate of population growth has surpassed the rate of technological advancement, and it is not economically pragmatic to produce artificial replacements to provide for increasing demands. This issue is especially pertinent to the U.S. due to the influx of immigrants compared to other nations.

Studies show that 80% of U.S. population growth between 2005 and 2050 will be through immigration: both legal and illegal. Although many argue that the U.S. contains enough land to accommodate this increase, a lot of the seemingly open space is not suitable for habitation. Dry, rocky, or extreme places are incapable not only of housing people, but also of producing crops and other resources. The increasingly diverse population also means more multicultural imports, which can contribute to a trade imbalance as the U.S. already imports more than it exports. In the 1950s, immigration levels were 1/3 of what they are today, but now they are overwhelming our capacity.

Ultimately, with limited resources and increasing population in the U.S., it is impossible to sustain growth. Labor intensive economic expansion is having reverse effects, and technological initiatives to mitigate resource consumption are not developing as fast as the population: especially through immigration. If the basic needs of life such as food, water, and shelter can no longer be met, then more complex human advancements such as business industries will be useless. Thus, this issue is more significant for Congress to address before any other. Negative Population Growth (NPG) is a national non-profit organization that aims to solve this issue at the core by encouraging policy to help slow and eventually reverse population growth. NPG believes in strongly enforcing existing immigration laws and encouraging people to have smaller families through various incentives and benefits. NPG believes that each family should retain the right to decide their family size; their primary initiative is to educate. If Congress creates policy to educate the public and limit surplus immigration, people are more likely to cooperate. I encourage you to refer to the details in NPG’s Proposed National Population Policy and use it to help implement policy for a better America for all.

Sincerely,

Jasser Syed

Yue Taira
$750
University Texas, Austin, TX

To the 116th Congress members:

Good morning all. If all of the humans on earth stood side-by-side, they could fit into a space the size of Los Angeles. No matter how many times I hear it, I am always baffled by the fact—how could 7 billion people fit into such a seemingly small space? This brings up an important point of population size and growth—the fact that the issue with overpopulation and population growth does not have to do with a lack of space, but rather a lack of resources to sustain an ever-growing population.

As the number of people around the world, and in the US increase day by day, serious issues may arise concerning limited necessities for life. Not only does a growing population threaten the supply of basic necessities such as food, water, and shelter, but also of opportunities, and quality of life. It is an undeniable fact that the resources on this earth are limited, and there will be a point in time in which the population is too large for this limited supply of resources to sustain. When that point is reached—if it has not been already—the ability for the average American to pursue their goals and dreams in career and life will be diminished, not of their own accord, but because of an issue out of the control of their own hands.

Too many politicians and businesses have been promoting the idea of growth, when this “growth” cannot go on forever. Science does not lie, and there is just simply no way that more population growth can be sustained over time. We have long exceeded our long-range carrying capacity, and it is time that something be done about it. With unrestricted population growth, not only are we exceeding capacity, we are deteriorating the health and quality of existing natural systems. As a result, in order to effectively combat population growth, we must first address the root causes of the issue.

Population growth comes primarily from two sources. First is natural growth, or an increase in birth rate in the US. As of 2007, the U.S. fertility rate had risen above 2.1, up from a low of 1.74 in 1976. The second source is record-level immigration. The number of immigrants as a percentage of US population grew from 5.4% in 1970 to 13.7% in 2017, adding to the population growth. In addition, immigrants have higher birth rates than native-born Americans on average. Now, to address these sources of population growth, the government of the United States must take action. First, the government should attempt to ensure that all prospective parents have the necessary information and access to family planning services. In addition, Congress must implement changes in immigration policy to accept fewer immigrants as a percent of our population. In addition, laws meant to deter illegal immigration may be enforced more effectively. This will help to find and stabilize the balance between immigration and emigration from the US.

It is important to remember that this in no way means that we are turning our backs on cultural or ethnic diversity, but rather that this is a way that we can gradually reach a stable population level. As a result of these policies and changes, the population of the United States can be brought down in a negative population growth trend until it reaches a level that is sustainable over the long term. Established in 1972 to educate the American public on the dangers of overpopulation, the non-profit membership organization Negative Population Growth estimates that a population of about 150-200 million people would be optimal for the United States. This would ensure that population does not exceed consumption of finite resources and destroy fragile ecosystems. In addition, Americans now and Americans of future generations would be more free to pursue their dreams and goals in this great country. However, this can only be done with your help to slow, halt, and eventually reverse U.S. population growth. I am not saying that negative population growth will be a quick and easy process, but with enough support from Congress and the American public, it is achievable.

Thank you.

Dear Congressman,

I’d like to bring to your attention the problem of population increase in America. The American population is now about 329 million and we’re consuming non-renewable resources at an astounding rate, robbing future generations by degrading our environment.

Every year, the Global Foot Print Network calculates each nation’s consumption of non-renewable resources, as opposed to those that can be regenerated. The World Overshoot Day is 1 August, but Overshoot Day for America is 15 March. According to a report by the WWF, if everyone on earth lived the way we Americans do, it would take five planet earths to support humanity (McCamy, 2018).

Our population is growing at an unsustainable rate as our ecological footprint massively outnumbers our bio capacity, leaving us in ecological deficit. The increasing population is decreasing the standard of living of average Americans, yet we don’t notice the threat of population increase.

Some people might find these concerns about overpopulation bewildering, as our growth rate is declining; in fact, the US Census Bureau reports that the national population grew by just 0.6% between July 1, 2017, and July 1, 2018, the lowest rate since the Great Depression of 1937. The reason stated for this decline is more deaths than births (Reilly, 2018). In fact, the baseline population has increased significantly and even growth at a lower rate translates to another 2 million people per year, or 240 per hour (U.S. and World Population Clock, 2019).

The increased population’s impact on the environment is not linear, as many other factors come into play and thus even small increases impact earth’s resources. We need to understand Paul Ehrlich IPAT formula, which states that humans’ impact on the environment (I) is the product of population (P), affluence (A), and the impact of technology (T), or I = PAT. An increase in just one of these parameters, therefore, increases our environmental impact. Nature has a delicate balance where waste produced and pollution caused can be naturally broken down and recycled, but when the population is growing at an ecologically unsustainable rate, the natural cycle fails and pollution increases, as every addition in the population not only means one more mouth to feed and clothe, it also means more waste polluting earth’s environment (Moody, 2011)

We are clearly living beyond our means, stealing from future generations and we don’t care. In the words of Ehrlich in 1973 in National Wildlife, “The public must be made aware that we are rapidly depleting our stores of fossil-fuel, non-renewable mineral resources and fresh water. Someone has accurately described such behavior as ‘grand larceny against the future’ and it cannot continue much longer.” We need to work on ways to decrease the population growth and change our consumption habits to reduce the massive ecological burden our nation puts on earth’s ecosystem.

We first have to analyze the drivers of population increase: the Census Bureau says half comes from new births and other half from immigration, so we can safely say that population growth rate can be massively decreased if we decrease the number of immigrants entering our country. It is high time to come out of the bubble that increasing population is good for America, providing workers for industry and in turn fueling economic and technological development (Ball, Vol. 18, No. 4 (Dec., 1992)).

We now need to follow a multi-pronged strategy to tackle the issue of population growth, as we’re clearly overpopulated as a country. First, we need to put our immigration policy in perspective and analyze its impact on our economy, as we definitely need a more strict immigration policy to reduce the influx of immigrants. Then our government needs to stop making pro-natal policies encouraging Americans to have big families by providing additional tax credits for children and their college tuition (Does the US Have Population Problem?).

We need to get our act together and educate our nation to live mindfully and reduce our ecological footprint by decreasing our use of cars, changing the way we eat by adding more vegetables in our diet and reducing the production of meat, and most importantly by investing in renewable sources of energy and developing energy-saving habits as a nation. We need a strict environmental protection policy accompanied by a population planning policy to plan for the optimum usage of resources for the growing American population.

Dear members of the 116th Congress,

The United States population currently sits at around 328 million people. The population growth rate has been slowing in recent years due to reductions in births, but continuing immigration from countries around the world will drive further U.S. population growth.

This represents a potentially serious problem for the United States to face in upcoming years.

The current population level in the United States is already leading to problems with sustainability. The U.S. is consuming its’ natural resources at an unsustainable rate with concern to the rise in population over the last fifty years. Since the 1970 Census found the U.S. population was 100 million, the population has seen a 50% growth in the past fifty years. Fortunately, the United States has huge reserves of natural resources that have made it possible to sustain such a large, growing population. But even with the abundance of natural resources, current high rates of consumption by Americans won’t be sustainable because our supply of certain natural resources is finite; the country already depends on foreign imports for almost thirty percent of U.S. energy consumption.

There are a number of effects that U.S. overpopulation is having on the overall health of the environment. One major issue associated with population growth in the U.S. is the decrease of land made available for agriculture. Over three million acres of farmland are lost each year due to population growth and land being taken away for fuel production or suburban development. This is a huge problem because it takes away the U.S.’s capability to support its growing population. U.S. population growth has also contributed to the decrease in total forest cover throughout the nation, which reduces the environment’s ability to remove harmful carbon dioxide from the air to prevent further atmospheric warming due to CO2. Also, water levels within the country have been diminished significantly due to increased demand from fast-growing cities. Furthermore, the additional population growth has led to increased pollution of water supplies, leaving the country with a high percentage of polluted waterways.

Proponents of population growth will often point to the potential for increased economic growth if population growth increases. But the continued spike of the U.S. population is not 100% necessary for economic growth. Competitors in economic capability such as Germany and Japan are showing that economic growth can be achieved even through population decline. In fact, certain factors associated with population growth like decreased amount of natural resources and increased pollution can lead to a decline in productivity. Economic growth should be based on technological and organizational innovations rather than population growth alone.

Members of the 116th Congress should work to form and implement a national population policy capable of protecting the United States from the harms of overpopulation and rapid population growth. The current problems stemming from overpopulation such as land and resource shortages and congestion in urban areas, as well as environmental degradation, will jeopardize the future of the United States as a first-world country. Congress would better be able to monitor natural resources and environmental policy if they figure out how to keep the U.S. population from growing out of control.

Dear Congresspeople:

Scarcity.

It’s a word nobody on The Hill wants to acknowledge. But the US is and always has been a nation with limited resources, so the concept should be nothing new to Congress. After all, scarcity drives our economy, fueling the constant fluxes in supply and demand that dictate the prices we charge and quantities of goods we produce.

So why is it difficult to understand that many of our nation’s environmental and economic issues are the direct result of the scarcity generated by a ballooning population? Every seventeen seconds, the US’ net population increases by one. If this rate is left unchecked, our population will over double by 2050. Americans living today face the prospect of having their quality of life decrease as they age. According to one US Energy Information Administration report, our mines can yield another 25 years of coal at our current rate of consumption. Meanwhile, global warming caused by coal consumption threatens to leave countless Americans nutrient deficient, while displacing residents on our East and Gulf coasts through flooding, and leaving communities increasingly vulnerable to devastating tropical cyclones.

The ecological impacts of uncontrolled population growth are similarly grave. Urban sprawl continues to wreak havoc on native ecosystems, endangering species across the nation. Of course, this is occurring concurrently with climate change, which is forcing species into extinction at a rate between 100 and 1,000 times the normal frequency.

Members of Congress, in the face of this population growth-induced crisis, I ask you to act. No longer can our nation afford to shirk current responsibility with the expectation that future innovation will save our ecosystems, our children, and ourselves. We must take steps to immediately limit US population growth. Consequently, I implore you to consider the following policy initiatives:

Limit Migration

The US must work to strike a balance between assisting foreigners impacted by overpopulation and protecting US citizens and their interests. Currently, visa overstays constitute 62% of illegal immigration. Unlike the illegal immigrants who cross our nation’s southern border, these migrants originally had the means and credentials to enter the US legally. For migrants from India and China (whose citizens constitute the greatest number of visa overstayers other than Mexican nationals), this means purchasing intercontinental airfare and proving to US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) that you can financially support yourself for the duration of your stay. For these illegal immigrants, I propose hefty fines and a lifetime ban on entry to the US.

Illegal immigrants crossing our southern border typically face an entirely different set of circumstances. Driven from impoverished, resource-exhausted areas by the push factors of violence and crime, these migrants cannot be deterred by fines. Given that imprisonment of these migrants serves only as a drain on American financial and environmental resources, the ideal plan of action must prevent entry altogether. The continued development of a physical, well-manned barrier will lessen illegal immigration somewhat, but it’s hard to imagine that migrants won’t learn to exploit any barrier’s inevitable weaknesses. Perhaps a more effective measure in the short run would be to establish CBC field offices on common migration routes within Mexico and in towns and cities from which the greatest number of illegal immigrants come. From these bases of operation, agents could work to inform migrants of the consequences of illegal entry to the US and, most importantly, provide feasible alternatives. At these offices, migrants would ideally be able to file for asylum and receive an expedited decision. These offices could additionally work alongside the Mexican government to direct migrants to educational and work opportunities within Mexico as well as to provide information on receiving Oportunidades, Mexico’s anti-poverty welfare.

Educate

This initiative is relatively straightforward: make Americans more aware of the negative personal impacts of having more than two children and empower women by affirming their reproductive freedom.

While strides can be made in promoting sexual responsibility among all age groups, as a highschooler, I can attest firsthand that not enough is being done to serve teenagers. In the US, abstinence-based sex education is correlated with higher rates of teen pregnancy when compared to comprehensive courses, which cover a broader range of birth control methods. Requiring comprehensive sex education at every public school in the US would not only decrease teen pregnancy, but it would also leave women and men more equipped to make informed decisions about reproduction in the future. In the extreme short-run, funding programs which provide free birth control, especially condoms, to teens would undoubtedly decrease pregnancy rates.

Sincerely,

Brennan George

Dear Congressman:

The population size of the United States of America is becoming a massive reason for concern. Although the national population is not the largest in the world, the conflict that it creates could become unsustainable. The quantity of people that currently lives in the country is becoming too large to provide all of the land and resources to. It is becoming increasingly likely that food and water sources, as well as nonrenewable energy sources, could cease to exist. These only account for a small percentage of everything in the country that is finite for a population of over 300 million people. If the government does not take an approach to this situation, the population size will increase along with the demand for resources, and ultimately worsen the issue.

A gradual increase in consumption of land and resources, as a result of population growth and size, takes a toll on the environmental conditions of the United States. Some resources, people use up to supply their needs, and the natural environment cannot replenish all of it fast enough to provide for such a colossal population size. The farmland in the country is declining each year, due to suburban development. And according to the Energy Information Administration, land use has caused a 48% increase in developed land from 1982 to 2003. The amount of forests in the nation has also declined over the decades. But perhaps an even more tremendous reason for concern is the 550,000 gallons of water used by Americans annually. More so, the pollution of nearly half of the bodies of water will only get worse as the national population continues to expand. This is caused by the excessive waste products produced by industries and agricultural activities. These waste products could enter various bodies of water and cause harm to marine environments, thus tarnishing the quality of the water in the United States. In addition, the level of carbon dioxide emissions has skyrocketed over the course of several decades. Heat produced by energy usage gets accumulated within the atmosphere, which is the main cause for the well-known conflict of global warming. Global warming, along with the release of gas emissions that pollute the air, causes damage to the ozone layer. Destruction of the ozone layer could provoke human exposure to harmful radiation from the sun. Therefore, as the population increases, industrial and agricultural activities increase, consequently using more resources and leaving behind waste products that harm the environment and constitute a detrimental effect on the quality of life in the United States of America.

There are a number of ways to resolve the problems constituted by population growth and size. Before the Congress simply applies any efforts to do so, the entirety of the United States population must be informed of the issue, allowing the country as a whole to fathom the negative effects of population growth. The population size faces an annual change of over 2 million, and immigrants account for 900,000 of those people. One means of helping the situation would be for the government to pass a bill regarding immigration. While some individuals may argue that the national birth rate is a catalyst for population growth, the birth rate has actually declined over the course of nearly 30 years. Therefore, immigration is, by a considerable margin, more concerning than birth rate. According to the Migration Policy Institute, the number of immigrants in the United States was roughly 14 million in 1980, and has since ballooned up to nearly 45 million as of 2017. This accounts for nearly 14% of the population. The population growth can be slowed down if the government makes an effort to limit the annual immigration rate to 400,000, less than half of where it stands currently. Doing this, while allowing the fertility rate to remain the same, will lower the population growth, which may slow down all of the effects that it has on our nation’s environment. But this will not solve all of the problems. After the annual immigration is limited, the government must then increase spending on research and technology. This can apply to more efficient energy resources that may last longer than fossil fuels, as well as cause significantly less environmental damage. Moreover, this spending can also go to environmental engineers who have a means of finding ways to not only reduce, but reverse the effects that pollution has on the water, forests, and atmosphere of the United States. If the pollution problems across the country are resolved, then the effects of population growth on the environment will be eliminated.

If our 116th Congress takes the approach of limiting annual immigration, and increasing spending on programs that work to reduce pollution and help restore the good quality of the natural environment, not only will the problems of overpopulation be solved, but this will paint a bright picture for the future of our nation. It is my hope that the government works to resolve the problems that population growth constitutes to the United States, and even tries the aforementioned approaches in doing so. It is my belief that limiting immigration will slow the growth of our population, and give the government more time to find ways to reverse the effects that the population size has on our nation. It is also my belief that spending on technology, research, and different recycling programs will prove as the best way to help the situation. The United States of America is a land of equal opportunity for everyone. And I am grateful for the opportunity to share my thoughts with the Congress on how our country can work to solve the problem of population growth. Our population should have equal opportunity to succeed, but allowing it to become too large may be problematic.

Sincerely

Anthony Hayes

Dear 116th Congress,

Famous author, Isaac Asimov once said, “What do you see happening… if this population growth continues at its present rate? …democracy cannot survive overpopulation. Human dignity cannot survive it. Convenience and decency cannot survive it. As you put more and more people into the world, the value of life not only declines, it disappears.” Truer words have never been written. U.S. population size and growth are serious problems for our nation. They should be addressed — no — they need to be addressed by Congress and the government as a whole. We can’t sweep this under the rug any longer. Now is the time to act.

First, let’s take a look at the facts. According to the U.S. Census assessed in January 2019, the U.S. population is over 328 million and is growing by over 2 million people per year, half of which from immigration and half from new births. The Global Footprint Network states that America is using up renewable resources twice as fast as they can be generated. Energy consumption has risen by 25%. Greenhouse gas emissions are also on the rise. And we are producing waste at amounts that are terrifying. Stated clearly, the position our country is in is unsustainable.

So, you might be thinking — what can I do to help the situation? Well, to that I say, everything. You are the new members of the 116th Congress. During your term, you can make a real difference. Legislation is the best way to make strides at solving our population problem. I recommend limiting immigration by strengthening and lengthening our immigration process. This will regulate and slow growth by disincentivizing people from moving to America on a whim, while also keeping a governmental quota on the amount of people immigrating. Since immigration is a huge part of our country’s overpopulation issue, this will go a long way towards solving that. Fewer Americans equals more available resources, a smaller amount of pollution released into the atmosphere, and less waste produced, which results in heathier ecosystems.

I also recommend that we encourage smaller families. Like immigration, new births are a big part of overpopulation, which is why it is so important to include when discussing possible solutions. When looking towards a more sustainable future, smaller families can help achieve that. In our current state, our government incentivizes women to have large families and multiple kids. Large families get tax breaks, welfare, and many other benefits. By getting rid of these benefits and/or giving tax breaks and other benefits (like instituting lower school taxes) to families with only one or two children, the government can effectively persuade women to have smaller families without actually restricting their right to bear children. Governmental incentivization to have small families will slow population growth and in time will reduce our population size.

Based on all of this information, it is obvious that Congress needs to take action! Both of the suggestions I made above are totally attainable. If you work to create and sponsor bills focused on these ideas, we can make a real dent in the population problem. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote, “If government knew how, I should like to see it check — not multiply — the population.” I urge you to take what I have said into consideration in your congressional discussions. It will take hard work and commitment, but together we can solve the serious U.S. population size and growth issue.

Sincerely,

We the People of the United States (the Governed)

Dear Congressman:

The subject of over-population is among one of the more serious problems affecting our country, yet it’s the least talked about. When people hear “population control” they think the worst. They think of wiping out cities of millions of people or placing us under a dome so no one can enter. What they don’t think about are the straightforward fixes that can be done to simplify the problem. For example, immigration is the dominant cause of overpopulation in America. To fix this problem we wouldn’t prohibit the entrance of immigrants all together, we would simply put forth new policies to restrict the influx of immigrants entering the country. Some options could be to reevaluate and adjust the eligibility criteria that must be met by prospective immigrants and being more inflexible when it comes to the limit of immigrants allowed inside the country. Along with immigration, comes the topic of birth rate, specifically the number of teens giving birth. In 2017, 194,277 babies were born to teen mothers. Even though this a 7% drop from 2016 the number is still alarming. A multitude of things can be contributing to teen pregnancy, such as low income levels of the family and poor education. A possible solution would be to introduce new programs into the school system that would educate kids on pregnancy prevention. Not to be confused with an “Abstinence only” program, but actual lessons on the different types of birth control that would steer kids in the right direction when it comes to making choices about their sexual health, which would in turn lower the teenage pregnancy rate.

The detrimental effects of population have already shown and will continue to become more of an environmental issue as well as a public health issue. With more people comes more mouths to feed and the agricultural problems associated with overpopulation have become some of the most pressing. More intensive farming and deforestation will continue to be remedies that will only prove useful in terms of the demand for food for a limited time. This is because these come with some serious issues that affect the environment. With intensive farming comes the usage of more pesticides and chemical fertilizers to produce more food at a faster rate, but these practices have been associated with soil erosion and depletion. And the agricultural runoff of excess fertilizers depletes bodies of water of oxygen which results in considerable negative impacts for marine life. Deforestation is another big problem that reduces the ability to take in CO2, which exasperates the greenhouse gas problem.

Along with environmental issues comes public health issues, specifically a freshwater issue. Unfortunately a byproduct of overpopulation is an increased stress on freshwater supplies. The Earth is covered in water but only 2.5 percent of it is freshwater and just a small fraction of that is unpolluted drinkable water. Overpopulation isn’t just one problem, it’s a series of issues that will come to affect our lives for the worst. The US population is growing faster than predicted and while we are a country that values justice and safety for all, we must think about the measures that need to be taken to properly sustain our nation.

Sincerely,

Kiah Rivera